Four of the Most Common Financial Mistakes Small Businesses Make

Grahame Allen • March 16, 2016

Many small business owners are entrepreneurs who went into business seeking freedom, a better lifestyle, more money or simply because they wanted to run their own show. Financial acumen is rarely high amongst the skills possessed by such people. As such, it is only to be expected that business owners make financial mistakes which can jeopardise their dreams. Here are four of the most common mistakes and how business owners can avoid them.

  1. Failing to plan

Few small businesses have a working budget and cash flow forecast which is rolled over on (at least) a quarterly basis. As a result, they make decisions based on guesswork and have no idea whether their business's actual performance is better or worse than what they expected. A solid budget requires the following information, ideally seasonalised and presented on a month by month basis:

  • Sales – not just a lump sum figure, but broken down by product or service line and calculated as number of sales multiplied by average sale value
  • Variable costs – these are costs that vary with sales and as such, should be driven by your sales forecast
  • Fixed costs – unless there are any significant changes, these can be taken from your most recent financial statements and adjusted for any known or expected increases

Once you have developed a budgeted profit and loss account, you should then create a cash flow forecast. This differs from the profit and loss budget because it is looking at the cash inflows and outflows. As such, it needs to take account of how long your customers take to pay you, how quickly you turn over inventory, how quickly you pay your suppliers, any loan repayments due and any forecasted capital expenditure that will not appear in the budget profit and loss account.

For a thorough budget that could be presented to a bank for the purpose of raising finance, you should also complete a budgeted balance sheet.

  1. Financing capital expenditure out of cash flow

As a general rule, and to the extent that it is possible, it is good practice to cash flow the lifetime of a purchase. By that we mean this: if you are buying stock to sell in the short term, then finance it out of your day to day working capital. But if you are buying a large piece of machinery with a ten year life, then you should look to finance it over ten years. Similarly, don't fall into the trap of many small business owners where you have a good quarter and go out and buy yourself a flash new car – out of cash flow. Unless you are confident (and have evidence to back it up) that your strong sales will continue, you could find yourself in a cash flow bind if you empty the bank account to buy new assets every time you find you have a bit of surplus cash.

Form a strong relationship with a bank manager and keep them up to date with your plans. Often, the banks will be happy to lend when times are good for your business and you should take advantage of that to properly finance any capital expenditure required to expand your business. Similarly, the best time to secure an overdraft is when you don't need it. The banks will be more willing and able to help you out and then if you hit a rough patch, you have a safety net.

  1. Cutting costs rather than driving revenue

When considering how to improve profitability, many business owners resort to hacking at costs. That's all very well, but there is a finite limit to which expenses can be cut – zero. And then you have no business. On the other hand, the opportunities to grow revenue, assuming you manage your growth within the constraints of your cash flow, are limitless. It comes down to understanding the drivers of revenue, which in most businesses are:

  • Number of customers
  • Number of times those customers buy from you
  • The average sale you make each time a customer buys

Once you understand the drivers, you can put in place strategies to increase each of those critical measures.

Another thing to be aware of when reviewing costs, which, of course, is still a valid strategy, is knowing where to cut. For example, too often businesses cut back on marketing which can often be the last place you should be making cuts. Similarly, a knee jerk reaction to cut back on travel expenses could see an adverse reaction (a recent study conducted by Oxford Economics and commissioned by the US Travel Association found that 57% of businesses surveyed felt that cutting their travel costs during the recession in the US hurt their business.)

  1. Running your business from a spreadsheet

Quite possibly the most important to avoid of all of the mistakes listed. In this era of Cloud accounting solutions accurate management information integrated with daily bank feeds is readily available. Not to take advantage of such information is to run the business by the seat of your pants. Yet many small businesses persist in keeping their records on a spreadsheet or worse, in a shoe box!

Talk with your accountant today if you feel that your accounting records are inaccurate, unhelpful or obsolete. In fact, your accountant can help you avoid all four of the key financial outlined in this article, helping to set you up for more profitable days ahead.

Accessing super from age 60 to 65

By Grahame Allen • August 30, 2024
From 1 July 2024, the rules for accessing superannuation became somewhat simplified: the preservation age when you can begin to access your benefits is now effectively age 60. However, until you reach age 65, there are still potential restrictions on how you can access your super. You’ll need to “retire” before you can make lump sum withdrawals from your super account or move it into the favourable “retirement phase” when investment earnings within the fund become tax-free. If you’re aged between 60 and 65 and wish to access some of your super, now is a good time to re-examine the rules. 60 is the new threshold For anyone born after 30 June 1964, preservation age is simply age 60. You may recall that some members could previously begin to access their superannuation at various stages between 55 and 59 years. Those lower preservation ages applied for older Australians who are now all over 60 and who have already attained their preservation age. Therefore, those rules regarding ages 55 to 59 are no longer an active consideration. How much super can I access? If you are between 60 and 65 years old but haven’t yet retired, you can commence a transition to retirement income stream (TRIS). This allows you to receive a regular income of between 4% and 10% of your pension account balance each year. If you want to access more of your super, or withdraw it as a lump sum, you’ll need to satisfy a further condition of release. This includes: reaching age 65; or “retirement”. Meeting these conditions also becomes relevant for tax purposes. While TRIS payments to a person aged 60 or over are generally tax-free – regardless of whether they are retired or not – the TRIS itself does not move into the “retirement phase” until a further condition such as retirement (or reaching age 65) is met. This means that while you may start a TRIS, the TRIS will not qualify for the tax exemption on the investment earnings from fund assets that support the TRIS until you meet one of those further conditions. What does “retirement” mean? To satisfy the “retirement” condition, the first key requirement is that an arrangement under which you were gainfully employed must have come to an end. If you had already reached age 60 when that position of gainful employment ended, there are no further requirements, and your future work intentions are not relevant. However, if you had not yet reached aged 60 when that position ended, the trustee of your fund must be reasonably satisfied that you intend never to again become gainfully employed, either on a full-time or a part-time basis. For these purposes, “part-time” means working for at least 10 hours per week. This means you could intend to work for less than 10 hours per week and still meet the “retirement” condition. Planning is key Any withdrawal strategy should be carefully planned beforehand to ensure you understand the implications of accessing your super. There are many factors to consider, such as: the ongoing requirement to withdraw minimum pension amounts each year if you start a pension; implications for your transfer balance account; and interaction with the Age Pension. Contact our office if you need help understanding your eligibility for accessing your super, or to begin a discussion about your long-term retirement planning.

Super guarantee a focus area for ATO business debt collection

By Grahame Allen • August 16, 2024
The ATO has revealed its focus areas for this year, with business debt collection identified as a key strategic priority. In its Corporate Plan 2024–25, the ATO says that it will have “an increased focus on business debt including superannuation guarantee, pay as you go withholding and goods and services tax”. This is a timely reminder for all businesses to ensure they’re meeting their obligations. Superannuation guarantee (SG) remains an important compliance focus. The most recent ATO statistics show that although 94% of employers are meeting their SG obligations without ATO intervention, the ATO still raised over $1 billion in SG charge liabilities in the 2022–23 financial year. That figure reflects a lot of extra super liability for Australian businesses that could have been avoided if they had paid the required SG contributions on time. To ensure your business doesn’t incur these extra liabilities, you must pay SG contributions for your employees and eligible contractors on time and to the correct fund. The quarterly due dates are as follows: Q1 (1 July – 30 September): 28 October; Q2 (1 October – 31 December): 28 January; Q3 (1 January – 31 March): 28 April; and Q4 (1 April – 30 June): 28 July. Some important things to remember include: Some contracts and awards may require you to pay contributions more regularly than quarterly. If you make contributions to a commercial “clearing house”, the contribution is considered to be paid when it’s received by the employee’s fund, not by the clearing house. However, if you use the ATO’s Small Business Superannuation Clearing House, the contribution is “paid” when received by that clearing house. From 1 July 2026, employers will need to pay SG at the same time as salary and wages (commonly known as “payday super”). What if my business misses an SG payment? Taking action promptly is essential to accessing the ATO’s support services and minimising your exposure to penalties. The ATO says that it’s willing to work with employers who want to put things right. When you miss a payment, you must lodge an SG charge statement with the ATO within one month of the missed quarterly due date. Lodging on time is important, as failing to do so will incur a further penalty known as a “part 7 penalty”, which can be up to 200% of your SG charge liabilities. Also, when you lodge on time, you may then be able to set up a payment plan to pay your liabilities in instalments. You can ask the ATO for an extension to the lodgement date, but you must do this before the due date. You’ll also need to pay the SG charge. This charge is more than the amount of contributions you would have paid if you had paid them on time, and it’s not deductible. The charge comprises: the amount of the missed contributions (but calculated on salary and wages, including overtime, which is more than the usual “ordinary time earnings” basis for on-time SG contributions); interest of 10% pa (which accrues from the start of the relevant quarter); and an administration fee of $20 per employee, per quarter. This is paid to the ATO, not your employee’s fund. General interest charge will accrue on any outstanding SG charge, and the ATO may also issue a director penalty notice if it remains unpaid. We’re here to help Mistakes happen, but getting on top of problems early will lead to a better outcome for your business. Contact our office for expert assistance in addressing your business’s SG obligations.

Claiming the tax-free threshold: getting it right

By Grahame Allen • August 9, 2024
If you’re an Australian resident for tax purposes, you don’t have to pay income tax on the first $18,200 you earn each year, from any source. This is called the “tax-free threshold”. If you have multiple income sources, it’s important to consider which one you’ll claim it for. The ATO advises claiming the tax-free threshold once from your “main” payer – typically the job, gig or payment that pays you the most during the year. That payer will not withhold income tax from the first $18,200 they pay you but will withhold tax from payments once your earnings go over the threshold. At the end of the financial year, the ATO calculates your total income and tax withheld. If not enough tax has been withheld, you can expect a tax bill. If more tax has been withheld than you owe for your total earnings, you can expect a refund. Claim the tax-free threshold When starting a new job, your employer should ask you to complete a withholding declaration. To claim the tax-free threshold, you must be an Australian resident for tax purposes on the declaration and answer “yes” to the question “Do you want to claim the tax-free threshold from this payer?”. Where you answer “no”, tax will be withheld from all income from that payer. Avoid claiming the threshold from multiple payers simultaneously unless you’re sure you’ll earn less than $18,200 total for the year. Overclaiming might make your take-home pay higher each pay cycle but will likely mean a tax debt later. Changing jobs When changing jobs you can claim the threshold from your new payer even if you have claimed it from your previous one. If you add a job or side gig that will provide more income than your existing main payer, you can change your claim at any time. Altering your tax-free threshold claim Change your claim using ATO online services, via your myGov account: Sign in to myGov and access ATO online services Select Employment from the menu Choose either New employment (for a new job) or Employment details (for an existing employer) Update your tax and super details as needed. Don’t forget your side gig If you’re earning income outside of employment (eg as a sole trader) you’ll need to pay tax yourself on that income. Consider setting aside a percentage for tax or using pay as you go (PAYG) instalments each time you are paid.
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